JA Solar Technology Co., Ltd.

JA Solar Technology Co., Ltd. is a prominent manufacturer in the photovoltaic industry, specializing in the research, production, and sales of silicon wafers, solar cells, and modules. The company operates under a vertically integrated model, providing comprehensive photovoltaic power generation solutions to customers globally. Established in 2010 and listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, JA Solar has production facilities in various locations across China and overseas, including Vietnam. The company's primary business lines encompass the entire photovoltaic industry chain, from silicon ingots to solar power plant operations. JA Solar has developed a robust organizational structure, including a Smart Energy Business Unit focused on expanding photovoltaic applications and a Photovoltaic New Materials Business Unit dedicated to enhancing research in new materials and equipment. With a strong global presence, JA Solar has established sales entities in 165 countries and regions, supported by regional operation centers in Europe and the United States, facilitating localized services and solutions for its customers.

JA Solar is a leading provider of photovoltaic products and one of the pioneers among the domestic manufacturers. JA Solar has engaged in a vertically integrated industry chain that involves the manufacturing of silicon ingots, silicon wafers, solar cells and solar modules, and the operation of solar power plants. It has become one of the leading enterprises in the domestic solar industry with integrated solar solutions and significant manufacturing capacity. 1. Full industry chain integration Since 2010, the Company has embarked on a journey of vertical integration within the photovoltaic industry, transitioning from a singular focus on solar cells to encompassing upstream and downstream sectors. Over more than a decade of steadfast progress, it has established a vertically integrated industrial chain, spanning production and application segments such as silicon ingots, silicon wafers, cells and modules, as well as photovoltaic power plants. As of the end of 2023, the Company’s photovoltaic module capacity reached 95GW, with silicon wafer and cell capacity accounting for about 90% of the module capacity, significantly surpassing other industry leaders in terms of upstream and downstream alignment. In addition, the Company has cultivated new technological development and production capabilities in the fields of crystal pulling equipment and encapsulation materials. 2. Global presence Since its inception, the Company has been dedicated to a comprehensive global development strategy. While closely monitoring mature photovoltaic markets like China, Europe, the United States, and Japan, we are expanding into emerging markets across Southeast Asia, Australia, Latin America, the Middle East, and Africa. The Company has established 13 sales entities overseas, with a sales and service network extending across 165 countries and regions worldwide. Regional operation centers have been strategically constructed in Europe and the United States, transforming these overseas sales entities into comprehensive regional hubs. These hubs integrate a spectrum of operational functions, including technical support, delivery management, customer service, finance, legal affairs, and human resources. Empowered by specialized support from headquarters, these hubs are poised to provide localized, end-to-end product services and solutions to both local customers and partners. This approach is designed to deliver enhanced value to clients as they embark on their journey towards new energy development. 3. Technological innovation Thanks to continuous investment in research and development, the Company’s cell and module technologies maintain a leading position in the industry. This is primarily evidenced by their high conversion efficiency, power output, quality, and cost control. The Company’s latest N-type Bycium+ cell has achieved a conversion efficiency of 26.3%. The manufacturing process will continue to undergo improvements to further reduce production costs and enhance the cost-effectiveness. Concurrently, in the Hycium project focusing on heterojunction high-efficiency cells, there has been a steady improvement in pilot conversion efficiency. This progress is attributed to the introduction of various process enhancement measures aimed at reducing production costs, thus establishing the groundwork for mass production. The R&D center takes comprehensive efforts into development of full back contact cells, perovskite/silicon stacked cells, and other cutting-edge technologies, to keep its core competitiveness. As of the end of 2023, the Company held 1,263 patents, including 285 inventions. 4. Scale Since returning to the A-shares market at the end of 2019, the Company has vigorously expanded its advanced production capacity. With the successive commissioning of new capacities, the Company not only ensures an ample supply of products to meet market demand but also experiences rapid growth in the capacity and proportion of large-size, high-efficiency, high-power, and low-cost modules. As of the end of 2023, the module capacity reached 95 GW, with silicon wafer and cell capacities accounting for about 90% of the module capacity. According to the Company’s capacity planning, the level of integration in 2024 will be further enhanced, with capacities exceeding 100 GW across each segment. 5. Quality brand As one of the leading companies in the global photovoltaic industry, we continuously advance production automation and intelligence to ensure product quality through manufacturing process progress and optimized production layouts. The Company maintains a leading position in the global photovoltaic manufacturing sector with its cell conversion efficiency and module output power. Our products’ quality has garnered widespread recognition from major strategic clients both domestically and internationally. We have established stable long-term partnerships with top-tier energy utilities and photovoltaic system integrators worldwide. Furthermore, the Company has repeatedly been recognized as a Top Photovoltaic Brand by EuPD Research in countries and regions including Europe, Germany, France, Poland, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, and Vietnam. For four consecutive years from 2020 to 2023, it has been honored with the Top Performance award by the Renewable Energy Test Center (RETC), a prestigious testing institution in the United States. Additionally, from 2014 to 2023, the Company has been recognized eight times as the Top Performer panel supplier by the globally respected independent photovoltaic testing agency, PVEL. It has been acknowledged as a top-tier financeable brand by Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) and has consistently received the AAA rating for financeability in PV ModuleTech. 6. Digital and intelligent manufacturing With a steady commitment to the path of high-quality development, the Company continually explores methods to empower business growth through digitization and intelligent technologies. By deploying technologies such as AGVs, 5G networks, and artificial intelligence in production facilities, the Company has significantly reduced the number of frontline employees, thereby reduced labor intensity and enhanced both labor efficiency and product quality. A comprehensive production management system covers every production stage, seamlessly integrated with core business systems, enabling comprehensive data and business process interoperability across production, equipment, processes, quality control, warehousing, operations, and IE departments. This visualization of the production execution process facilitates real-time management decision-making and provides effective digital support for quality improvement, cost reduction, and efficiency enhancement across all facilities. The Company has developed an in-house production line fault management system which enables production line managers to swiftly identify issues and receive early warnings about potential faults. The widespread adoption of intelligent manufacturing has significantly increased production line output, reduced production costs, enhanced cost-effectiveness, and bolstered the market competitiveness of JA Solar products. 7. Management team and management system After years of continuous operation, the Company has established an experienced, well-structured, technically proficient, and cohesive advanced management team, along with a relatively comprehensive rotational work mechanism, ensuring the stability of the management team and the standardization of management decision-making mechanisms. The core management team has been immersed in the photovoltaic industry for over a decade, dedicating themselves to the future development. They have consistently upheld the philosophy of providing professional products and services to customers. Additionally, they possess a profound understanding of the technological advancements, business development paths, and future trends